rcr_organic_feed_store

Egg Breaking by Hens

Fri, 21 May 2021 12:00:05 GMT

Why do hens break eggs?

Sometimes chickens begin breaking & eating their own eggs. Usually, it begins with no bedding in the nesting box. A hen lays an egg, and it hits a hard surface and cracks or breaks. If this happens once or even twice it usually doesn’t become a problem – USUALLY. After multiple times you will have a big problem as once chickens start eating the broken egg, they will often begin breaking eggs. Now the question becomes how to stop this behavior right away.

Begin by taking a look at your Chicken Coop and ask yourself the following questions: Are you providing at least a 12” x 12” nesting box for every 4 hens? Are your nesting boxes at least 4’ from their roosts and at least 2’ off the ground? Are you keeping at least 2” of nesting material in the nesting box (straw or wood shavings) every day? Do your hens have enough waterer and feeder space – you might need to add some. If your hens are older or if you are not using a good quality feed, you may need to add free choice oyster shells and I would look at changing your feed. Other possible avenues are to reduce the lighting in your nesting box and to pick up your eggs earlier in the morning around 10 is best.

More advanced options include a nesting box that allows the egg to roll away after it is laid. Another is to fill the box with wooden eggs or golf balls because the hen can not break them, hopefully after several days of failed attempts she will stop trying to break them. There is one measure that I have not tried but I believe it will work. Take a good egg, put a hole in both ends so you can blow the contents out. Then refill it with yellow mustard and put it in the nesting box on top of the straw or wood shavings. When the offending hen breaks it, I am sure it will be a nasty surprise. I am confident the hen will hate it!

Cleaning Your Eggs

Thu, 20 May 2021 12:00:20 GMT

How to clean your eggs.

Your first action to keep your eggs clean is to keep your nesting boxes clean. This will mean keeping clean straw in it. Some chickens will toss the straw out, however, keeping straw in the nesting box will prevent the eggs from dropping on a hard surface and breaking plus a nice layer of clean straw daily will avoid excess manure on your eggs.

When your hens lay an egg it will have “bloom” on it. Bloom is a coating that the hen leaves on the egg when she lays it. Another name is “cuticle.” More specifically, the bloom is a protein (a mucous secretion) that covers the egg when it is laid. Its purpose is to block bacteria and keep the egg fresh. This is important because it keeps the inside of the egg full of nutritious goodness. For humans this means that the egg keeps longer and for a baby chick it means that the chick itself is protected from the bacteria as it sits in the nesting box for three weeks and it supplies the chick with fat, protein and vitamins.

If your nesting boxes are clean there will be little manure or dirt on them. In this case it is preferred and reasonable to just clean this off with a light rub of fine sandpaper. This is called a “dry clean” and will leave the bloom intact.

However, if there is a lot of manure on the egg you will have to use more aggressive means of removing it. Also, don’t delude yourself that leaving the manure on the egg will keep it fresh because you haven’t disturbed the bloom. I assure you that the opposite is true as chicken manure is a health hazard. Salmonella and Campylobacter are carried by healthy chickens. These diseases are usually not communicated by the live chicken to people. They can, however, be communicated to people through direct exposure to chicken manure, or by eating under cooked chicken and eggs.

To clean an egg that has mud, manure, or broken egg on it you will have to move to a more aggressive means of cleaning which means that you will have to use water to clean your egg. I find the easiest way is to wet a paper towel or cloth with tepid water and gently remove the offending substance.

There is conflicting data on whether or not to use cold or warm water to clean your eggs. The cold water camp claims that the cold will expand the egg inside the shell and prevent bacteria from entering. The warm water camp (no more than 20 degrees warmer than the egg – so tepid) claim that cold water causes the pores of the eggshell to suck the bacteria into the egg. I don’t know which is correct. As a rule of thumb, if I must determine if an egg is still good or if I have to submerge an egg into water to clean it, I use it right away. In fact, if an egg is so dirty that it has to be submerged in water and soaked which is usually the case if it has broken egg yolk on it, I usually throw it away. I am not interested in getting myself, my family, my friends, or my clients sick. If you have to wash the egg under running water to clean it (again tepid), wipe it dry right away.

For any egg that was been cleaned with the wet wash method rub a light coating of organic canola oil on it. This will not only make the egg look glossy, but it will reseal the shell. Also, when storing your eggs place your eggs pointed side down as it will keep them fresh longer.

How can I tell if a egg is fresh?

Wed, 19 May 2021 12:00:06 GMT

Can you tell if an egg is good to eat?

One of the pitfalls of free-range hens is that some will lay their eggs around the yard, on hay bales, in bushes, in buckets, etc. When you stumble across them you need to determine if they are fresh. Remember that a fresh egg has very little air inside it. This fact will help you to determine its freshness. Fill a bowl or container with 5” of cold water. Gently place your egg into the water. Put the egg on the bottom. If it lays on its side, it is very fresh. If it stays on the bottom but stands on one end, it is still good to eat. If it floats to the top, throw it away as it bad.

Can I tell when a Chicken will lay an egg?

Tue, 18 May 2021 12:00:10 GMT

How will I know my hen is ready to lay her first egg.

There are several indicators that will be noticeable as your hen approaches the laying of her first egg.

For many weeks you have been watching your pullets grow and mature. You know that roosters’ combs and/or wattles grow around 8 weeks, however, a hen’s wattles and/or combs develop slowly. When they get close to laying you will see a dramatic change as they grow deeper in color and become large. At this point in time, you may see them exploring their nesting box and perhaps just sitting in it. Additionally, their appetite will increase. When you see a submissive squat occur around a rooster or if you lay your hand on her back and she squats, you definitely know she is close as this submissive position is a indication that she is willing to be mounted so her eggs can be fertilized. You will definitely know when she has laid her first egg as she will get very vocal. Often cackling (sometimes called “egg song”) for as long as 15 minutes. Many believe this is an attempt to draw predators from the nest. Personally, I think she is proud of herself and just want you to take a look.

When Will My Chickens Lay

Mon, 17 May 2021 12:00:02 GMT

When will my hens lay?

Everyone who has raised a laying flock from chicks, lives in anticipation of their first farm fresh egg. Many will order a "Barnyard Collection" which is a variety of chickens and visions of many beautiful birds roaming your farm fills you with promise and pride.

We made this mistake some 20+ years ago when we began our farm adventure. Don't get me wrong our flock was beautiful and it lead us to discover that each breed of chicken had different temperaments and personalities, however, not all of them started laying at the same time. At the 5 month mark only one bird was laying which lead to a mad scramble trying to search pictures to determine the breed of the various birds along with their anticipated growth, when they would lay and how many eggs they would lay, etc.

So here's a little advice, your production birds such as Rhode Island Reds, Gold Stars, Leg Horns, Sex Link, etc. start laying around 4 1/2 months. Heritage breeds such as Buff Orphingtons, Silver Lace Wyandots, Barred Rocks, etc. do not start laying until 6 months and others are closer to 8 months. The main issue with a variety is that you can not begin feeding layer feed too soon as the additional calcium in the feed can permanently damage a chickens kidneys. It will also reduce their egg production and shorten their lifespan. If you have the space you could separate your birds so that all those that are laying are together. However, many who purchase the "Barnyard Collection" have limited space. If this is the case keep your barnyard flock on a 18% grower ration until your last bird lays an egg. The birds that start laying sooner are young and strong and will not need that extra calcium right away.

Requirements for your Coop

Sun, 16 May 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Their new Home!

In 6-8 weeks your layers will be feathered out and it is time to move them to their coop. There are 3 must haves in a new coop. First, it should be ventilated but be draft free. Second make sure your birds have access to their food and fresh water. And lastly, make sure their coop is predator proof!

Most sources will recommend that a coop allow 2 square feet per bird. We have found this is not enough room in the winter months or if your birds do not have access to the outdoors. We allow 3 ½ square feet for production layers and 4-5 square feet for larger birds (such as brahmas or buff orphingtons). If your birds are not free range but have access to an outside coop, you should allow 10 square feet per bird in their outdoor area. Overcrowding your birds can lead to aggressive behavior, feather pecking or pulling, and lethargy all will result in lost egg production. You will also see dirty, misshapen, or broken or cracked eggs. You will also be exposing your birds to a variety of diseases such as mites, premature molting, infectious bronchitis, rotgut, aspergillosis, lameness, coccidiosis, fowl pox, Merek’s disease.

Your chicken’s new homes should include a 12” x 12” laying box made out of wood, plastic, or metal for every 4 birds. Their coop should also have roosting bars which allow 12 inches per bird with each roosting bar positioned 14” away from each other. Ample waterers and feeders for the number of chickens. Feeders and waterers should be raised to the height of the chicken’s backs. Your chickens should receive fresh water every day. Your coop should provide 14-16 hours of “daylight” each day using a 15-25 watt light bulb that can be managed through a timer.

Keep Your Chicks Comfortable

Sat, 15 May 2021 12:00:04 GMT

The Right Temperature for Your Brooder

You should aim for 95 degrees Fahrenheit during their first week. A thermometer placed at the chick’s level will confirm the temperature. After the first week lower the brooder temperature by 5 degrees each week until your layers are fully feathered out (6-8 weeks). So, in 5 to 6 weeks you brooder temperature should be 70 degrees Fahrenheit. In 3 weeks your Cornish Cross meat birds should have gone through two growth spurts if you have given them ample room in the brooder. Weather permitting they are ready to move into the field. Your Red Rangers will move to the field in 6 weeks. Special Note: Make sure to check on your chicks at least twice a day and keep your litter clean and dry.

Your Chicks Arrive

Fri, 14 May 2021 12:00:03 GMT

Make Sure Your Chicks Get A Good Drink!

As you unpack your new arrivals carefully dip each chick’s beak in the drinking water and make sure they drink. If it looks like they did not swallow dip their beaks again. Set them down and let them explore. They will catch on quickly and will be hungry and thirsty. If the chicks are huddling together in a tight group directly under the heat source the brooder is too cool. Adjust the heat lamp and break up the huddle. Make sure your brooder will allow the chicks enough room to move away from the direct heat of the heat lamp. When you see your chicks staying out from under the heat lamp it is time to raise the heat lamp in order to reduce the temperature of the brooder. Special Note: Make sure you remove the paper towels the day after their arrival.

Before Your Chicks Arrive Part 4 of 4

Thu, 13 May 2021 12:00:02 GMT

The Day Your Chicks Arrive

On the day your chicks arrive fill your feeders and waterers. Thoroughly mix a teaspoon of sugar into a quart of very warm water (98 degrees) to give the chicks some energy to begin the feeding process. The warm water will hydrate your new chicks and increase their body temperature. Place your feeders and waterers in the brooder keeping them out from under the heat lamps. You should cover the woodchips with a layer of paper towels. Sprinkle feed on the towels. This will allow the new arrivals to eat feed rather than woodchips.

Before Your Chicks Arrive - Part 3 of 4

Wed, 12 May 2021 12:00:05 GMT

Preparing for your Chicks

Now it is time to prepare your brooder for the chicks arrival. Make sure your heat lamps and waters are secured in the brooder. Remember you will need to set up the brooder 24-48 hours before your chicks arrive. Make sure you locate your brooder so there is no breeze on your chicks. If your chicks are arriving by mail, it is critical that their brooder is warm. The floor of the brooder should be warm and the temperature in the brooder should be 100 - 105 degrees Fahrenheit. After your brooder has reached the 100 to 105 degree Fahrenheit and before your chicks arrive spread the floor of the brooder with 3 inches of woodchips and place a thermometer under the heat lamp to confirm you have the proper temperature. I don’t recommend using newspaper on the floor of the brooder as it is too slippery for newborn chicks and can lead to a condition called splayed leg also known as spraddle-leg. This condition means the chick will not be able to stand. Additionally, you should cover the woodchips with a layer of paper towels. Sprinkle feed on the towels. This will allow the new arrivals to eat feed rather than woodchips. Special Note: don't use saw dust, sand or cat litter as bedding material. It retains ammonia and the dust can lead to respiratory issues. Additionally, do not use Cedar bedding as the plicatic acid damages the respiratory system of the bird.

Before your Chicks Arrive Part 2 of 4

Tue, 11 May 2021 12:03:20 GMT

Preparing for your Chicks

Now that the brooder is taken care of you should obtain a good quality feed to give them a nutritional start to their life. We start ours on a certified organic 20% chick starter . This is a good start for a layer flock as well as a meat bird flock. For your layers we recommend keeping them on a 20% ration for at least 6 weeks. For your Cornish Cross broilers, we recommend 2 weeks and for your Red Ranger Meat birds we recommend 6 weeks. After the appropriate time period you will move them to a 18% ration . Make sure your feed is stored in a cool dry place. You can find weekly feed requirements in the learning section at www.rcrorganicfeedstore.com.

The size and number of the waterers and feeders will depend on how many chicks you are raising. The recommended feeding/waterer space to allow chicks to have adequate room to eat and drink is as follows: 1 1/2" - 2" per bird upon arrival, then 2 1/2" per bird through week 4: weeks 4-8 should allow 3 1/2" per bird: 8-12 weeks should allow 6" per bird.

Update: Detailed feed charts for Laying Chickens , Meat Chickens (Broilers) and Turkey have been added to the learning section of our website. These are the charts that we've developed and used for over 20 years.

Before Your Chicks Arrive - Part 1 of 4

Mon, 10 May 2021 12:02:42 GMT

Preparing for Your Chicks to Arrive

There are several things to do before their arrival. First, you need to acquire a brooder. This needs to have solid sides for two reasons: first, to prevent drafts and second, to keep your chicks contained. If you are using a brooder that you have used before be sure to scrub it down with a 10% bleach solution and do this so it has time to dry out before you put new chicks in it. Next think about the amount of space that will be required as they grow. Your Cornish Cross meat birds will experience a growth spurt in about a week or so. If you do not have adequate space to accommodate this, you will have smaller birds.

How Long are Seeds Good?

Wed, 14 Apr 2021 12:00:03 GMT

Is this seed too old to plant?

Opinions vary on this question. I have found most seeds are viable for 3 years with the exception of Tomatoes, Squash, Pumpkin (which is really squash), Melons, Brassicas, Lettuce, Chard, and Cucumber. These should be viable for 3-5 years. Keep in mind that seeds are perishable. This means they must be kept in a cool, dry place in a sealed container. I keep mine in a double seal gallon freezer bag in my coldest refrigerator (the one I use for cold drinks). Heat and humidity can be a death sentence to them.

You for sure want to test seeds that are old before you plant them. My suggestion is to dampen (pretty wet) a full-sized paper towel (fold it) and put 10 seeds on top and then put in a dish or plastic bag. Simply set the dish or bag in a warm sunny spot. Keep it moist and in a week or so you should see sprouting seeds. If 8 out of the 10 begin to sprout you have a germination rate of 80% so plant them. However, if only 2 or 3 begin to sprout throw them away and buy new seeds.

Feeding Your Barnyard Animals - Certified Organic or Non-GMO Products

Mon, 12 Apr 2021 12:03:33 GMT

The Difference between Certified Organic and Non-GMO

I get many phone calls wondering if I carry feed that is non-GMO . These calls have made it clear that there is a great deal of confusion on this subject. Most consumers now look for the Non-GMO Project Verified seal as well as the Certified Organic Seal, after all, both suggest that the product is “good for you.” However, the two organizations are vastly different.

The National Organic Program is run by the government along with several outside agencies (such as MOSA. Oregon Tilth, OCIA and several others). The organic guidelines requires that a producer cannot use any chemical ingredients or fertilizers, synthetic substances, irradiation, sewage sludge or genetically modified organisms. Additionally, a farmer may not provide the animals with synthetic hormones or antibiotics if they are to label their meats as organic. I have heard many propose that Certified Organic is just an excuse to charge higher prices. I suggest to these people that they should consider the additional work required. For instance, prior to planting you often must till in the field several times to knock down the weed seed (an increase in time and fuel). Plus, you are then committed to hand weeding and mechanical cultivation until the harvest. You also must manually police the field to control the insect population. Additionally, seeds are untreated and require certain soil temperatures before planting. Not to mention the mountain of paperwork required of organic farmers which covers every aspect of their farming operation so that they can maintain their Certified Organic Status.

While the Non-GMO Project is not a government agency, it does have set standards like the European Union’s Laws (many European Countries ban the use of GMO’s) to ensure that foods bearing its seal do not contain any GMO ingredients. The Non-GMO Project only focuses on the premise the products are non-GMO as opposed to the full spectrum of requirements that certified organic requires. Additionally, The Non-GMO Project requires regular lab-testing on high GMO products such as alfalfa, canola, corn, papaya, cotton, zucchini, yellow squash, milk, meat, honey, eggs, and soy . However, there are a number of products that they have stated “no point in the production chain exists at which the GMO can be identified using current testing methodologies. An affidavit stating that any such Non-Testable High-Risk Input is not the product of genetic modification is required to establish compliance with this Standard.” These products include apples, camelina (false flax), some varieties of corn, mushrooms, oranges, pineapples, potato, salmon, sugar cane, tomato and soy (Talen).

You should note that farmers that are participating in the Non-GMO Project are not necessarily farms that are looking to transition to Organic Certification. Additionally, the Non-GMO Project Verified allows a variety of field additives that are a "BIG NO NO" in ORGANICS . These allowed additives include sewage sludge (human waste that could be contaminated with endocrine disruptors, heavy metals etc.), growth-producing antibiotics, herbicides such as roundup (you’ve seen the lawsuits on TV), Neurotoxin laced ingredients such as Hexane, and Ractopamine (banned in 160 countries).

Feeding our Barnyard Friends - Part 6 of 6

Sun, 11 Apr 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Certified Organic & Non GMO Project Verified

Many of our customers are very concerned with soy in the feed. When I ask why they do not want soy in their feed the answer is always “I don’t want any GMO’s (genetically modified organisms). I believe everyone should be concerned with GMO’s as the conventional industry is splicing fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides into the grain on a genetic level. They are also splicing DNA from varying organisms into grains and seeds (for example, frog DNA into tomato seeds to make the plants and their fruit more cold hardy). Additionally, companies are genetically splicing a wide variety of seeds and grains not just soy. And much of it is used for human food products not just animals. Plus this GMO laden soy, corn, wheat (and many more) are being added to most frozen, boxed or canned goods you buy in the grocery store. All of this occurred without testing the long-term effects of GMO’s.

I do believe soy is a problem for people not animals. Remember that old adage “If it sounds too good to be true it probably is?” Current research is indicating that this may be the case with soy. In 1999 soy was the miracle food that would lower bad (LDL) cholesterol, treat menopause, and its high protein level was a great way to replace meat products. Unfortunately, recent studies are now showing that you would have to ingest a great deal of soy to reap any of its reported benefits. The thing no one talks about is Isoflavones. And if you eat a lot of pre-prepared foods, you could be ingesting extremely high levels of Isoflavones. And it is Isoflavones that are the real danger as recent studies are showing that Isoflavones can affect men’s fertility, that they increase breast cancer in women, they are producing allergy symptoms in those allergic to nuts, and hypothyroidism in girls that are entering puberty.

So, what to do? We use our certified organic, Non GMO Project Verified grains to feed our livestock. We also use our soy based complete feeds as it is cost effective to feed our barnyard friends and it is good for them. Am I worried about isoflavones? Only in pre-prepared foods. Any things coming out is my kitchen is organic. Plus, certified organic soy has not been tampered with by man and it has been used in animal feeds for generations. Add to this the fact that the digestive system in animals and poultry have processed the soy and therefore the isoflavones and I am not worried about it. I firmly believe that any that might be in the meat or eggs is much less likely to effect humans than the GMO grains and additives in our conventional food supply.

GMO’s are not in our grains or complete feeds. All feed products are certified organic through MOSA and also through the Non GMO Project Verified. And for those of you that are still concerned about soy we offer fish meal (to replace soy for the protein) and complete feeds that do not contain soy. Go to rcrorganicfeedstore.com to learn more.

Feeding Your Barnyard Friends - Part 5 of 6

Sat, 10 Apr 2021 12:00:04 GMT

Whole Grains or Ground

As a consumer you know that whole grains are more nutritious than ground. That’s because oxidation occurs after grinding and therefore reduces the nutritional content as the ground grain sits on the shelf. And so it is with whole animal feed grains or even with garden seeds. If kept properly a seed or whole grain can be viable for years. Therefore, whole animal feed grains can be nutritionally sound for couple of years if it is kept in a cool dry place. The exception to this is flax seed. Because flax has a high oil content. We recommend a 10-month shelf life for the whole flax seed. Keep in mind that heat and humidity is the enemy of whole grains and destroys their nutritious goodness. As for cracked or rolled grains plan to keep them in a cool dry place and plan to use them within 6 months.

Many of our clients have expressed a desire to add whole grains to their flocks’ diet. Please do not add it to their feed mix because you know it is good for them because too much too soon is not good for them. The best advice we can give when changing the diet of adult birds is to add the whole grain to the diets gradually to promote gizzard development. The gizzard helps grind feed. In older poultry use whole grain for 5% of the diet for the first two weeks to adapt the gizzard, then, over a couple of more weeks, gradually increase the percentage to whatever level you have decided to feed.

Also, remember two other important factors in feeding your poultry. The first is that when birds are not on pasture, they need grit at all times in order to digest the whole grain. Second, water is paramount to your poultry as they cannot digest any feed without it. The bottom line is that you must make clean, fresh water available continually – don’t let them run out.

Tomorrow we will briefly investigate soy.

Feeding Your Barnyard Friends - Part 4 of 6

Fri, 09 Apr 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Calculating a Feed Ration

As promised here is a basic computation to figure how much gain to put in your mix:

First, determine the protein level you are attempting, say an 18% ration. Evaluate the protein level of your grain, for example corn has a protein level of 9% and Subtract the 9 from 18 which equals 9.
Next refer back to the protein level of another grain, say soybeans at 43%. Then subtract the 18 from the 43 which equals 25
Now add the 25 (soy computation) and the 9 (corn computation) which equals 34
Next take the 25 and divide it by 34 and times it by 100 which equals 73.5. You will then take the 73.5 and times it by 2000 (ton of mix) which results in 1,470 pounds of corn for your mix.
To determine how many pounds of soybeans for your mix follow the same equation 9 divided by 34 times 100 equals .265. Then .265 times 2000 equals 530 pounds of soybeans in the mix.

Of course, the above is only a mix of soybeans and corn which would not provide all the basic nutrients your poultry will need. The more grains you wish to incorporate in your feed mix (like flax or peas) the more computations. When deciding on which grains to use you should also evaluate their amino acids, fiber, etc.

You can see through this brief demonstration that it gets complicated quickly because you need to add other grains into the mix along with vitamins and minerals such as a kelp and a poultry mineral mix. Additionally, if you are mixing a small batch for a few birds it will greatly increase your workload. After feeding your new feed mix, you will want to evaluate how it impacts the health of your birds and their production.

Tomorrow I will post information on the effects of grinding grains.

Feeding Your Barnyard Friends - Part 3 of 6

Thu, 08 Apr 2021 12:00:04 GMT

Protein Sources for Feed

Yesterday we looked at grains that provide energy and fiber in a feed mix. Today we will look at the grains that are prevalent in our area and increase the protein level in a feed mix. They are as follows:

Soybean Meal (Expelled) has a protein value of 42-44%. When soybean meal is combined with corn the amino acid profile is great for poultry. Note that 6% oil remains after extraction

Fish Meal is also high in protein with a value of 60%. It is an excellent source of amino acids. However, it should be limited to 5 – 10% of feed mix. Additionally, if mixing fish meal with high levels of Flax seeds you are assured of a fishy taste.

Field Peas are a medium-energy protein ingredient with a value of 22-24% protein. This protein level can be reduced by 6% for each 1% increase in tannins (usually the darker the color of the peas the more tannins). It also has low levels of sulfur amino acids. You should limit to 20% of feed mix. Special Note: Peas slow down the intestinal tract, which on one hand allows poultry to digest more nutrients. However, if diet is overloaded with peas it can slow down the intestinal tract to the point that the crop is not emptying fast enough which causes a slow, sour crop and an extremely sick bird.

Crab Meal is generally produced through the processing of either crabs or lobsters and the protein ranges from 25-45% protein, with low energy

Flax Seed has a 21% protein level and is high in oil and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. You should limit to 8-10% of feed mix, so you do not compromise the egg flavor. Many are feeding flax seed to their laying hens which will lead to a 6-8 fold increase in the omega-3 fatty acid content in their eggs. However, you should note that research has now found that feeding hens a 10% flax ration in their feed also increases the level of liver hemorrhages in hens. Researchers believe that the livers of those birds feed this level of flax seed contain more long-chain unsaturated fatty acids which are prone to oxidative rancidity.

Tomorrow I will post a basic computation for figuring your feed mix.

Feeding Your Barnyard Friends - Part 2 of 6

Wed, 07 Apr 2021 12:00:06 GMT

What's in a Grain

Many are looking to incorporate grains like millet, buckwheat, rye, and milo into their feed mixes. Unfortunately, they are not traditionally grown in this area. This means they are expensive, and availability is limited. Unfortunately, when you need to replenish your feed reserves it is likely that you will not be able to find the product and be back to square one in developing your feed mix. Also, please realize that the protein levels in all grains may vary due to the overall weather and the field yield. Since our product is tested prior to using it we are assured of the appropriate crude protein level in our product offerings, please to be sure to check our website to view our feed labels which lists all ingredients.

Meanwhile, here is some information on grains for you to consider as you develop your poultry feed mix:

Corn is high in energy with the protein value ranging from 6-9%. Please note that you will need a finer grind for birds up to 3 weeks and a coarse grind for birds older than 21 days of age

Oats & Barley are high fiber which keeps the digestive track clean, so they are a great choice. They add fiber, increase the bulk density of the feed thereby limiting feed intake. While these grains add protein and energy their fiber content burns much of this nutrition during digestion. Protein Values: 12% Barley, 10% Oats. Note that combined oats and barley should not be more than 15% of feed mix.

Wheat has more protein and only slightly less energy than corn, however, no more than 20% should be in your feed mix. The protein is extremely variable from 10-18% (The red and white varieties have a very slight difference in protein level) Note that wheat should not be in the poultry feed until they are older than 14 days. Additionally, whole wheat will stimulate the gizzard and gastric motility.

Alfalfa Meal is has a protein range of 16-20%, but amino acids are low for a legume. It is very high in fiber and should be limited to no more than 5% of the feed mix. It is high in minerals that promote a better immune system. Additionally, it will increase the yellow pigment in the yolk color.

Tomorrow I will post information on products often used to increase the protein levels in feed.

Feeding Your Barnyard Friends

Tue, 06 Apr 2021 12:00:08 GMT

Quality Feed

Spring is arriving with chicks, hogs, and other livestock joining barnyards everywhere and I am answering many questions from new clients about feed. I am thinking that I should answers some of these questions via this blog.

First, a lot of new clients want to mix their own feed. Many of these clients produce a grain and feel that by adding another grain or two to the mix the feed should be complete enough to supply their livestock's feed requirements. Others are reading advice on the internet from individuals who do not have the years of experience that would qualify them to be knowledgeable. Remember that the particulars of the protein levels and energy levels that a grain contains with the minerals and nutrients that livestock need are often not fully taken into consideration. Many want to eliminate corn and or wheat from a feed mix. These two grains are considered high energy and your livestock will need an increased energy level in a cold or damp environment. Additionally, many want to create a feed mix from high fiber grains. Please realize that it takes energy to digest those grains which further depletes the livestock's energy level. This fact will undoubtedly lead to poor production and unhealthy livestock if a high energy grain is not in the mix. Also, remember that you will need to add a good mineral and vitamin supplement when developing a feed mix.

We don't recommend making your own feed as it is difficult to engineer a good recipe and it is labor intensive in a small scale environment. Instead we offer a variety of high quality complete feeds and grains that are certified organic through MOSA and the Non GMO Project Verified. Please visit rcrorganicfeedstore.com to view our product line and visit the "Learning" section of our website.

Meanwhile, I will spend the next several days detailing the particulars of the various grains and their usefulness in Chicken Feed as many are preparing to feed poultry.

Easter Leftovers

Mon, 05 Apr 2021 12:00:06 GMT

What to do with left over ham!

We had ham for Easter Dinner which I basted with a glaze of brown sugar, Dijon mustard, and honey during the last half an hour of cooking. Now, what to do with the leftovers. I could make scrambled eggs and ham for dinner which will be quick. However, my husband will prefer that I freeze some cubed ham and make it on the weekend. Or, I love a scalloped ham and potato casserole, but it will take too much time on a workday. I ran across a recipe for Raisin Sauce. The recipe consists of whisking a half a cup of brown sugar, 2 tbs. of cornstarch, 1 tsp. of dry mustard together and adding it to a saucepan. Then adding 1 tbs. apple cider vinegar, 1 cup of raisins, ¼ tsp of grated lemon zest, 2 tbs. lemon juice over medium heat while adding a cup and a half of water stirring until all ingredients are combined. Unfortunately, I will have to stir it constantly for 10 minutes until it is clear, thick, and bubbly. Even though it’s a workday it is still quick, and I have never had a raisin sauce. It sounds like it would be good with left over ham or pork chops. Seems like the ham will turn into a new meal today with a salad and roasted asparagus!

Easter Day!

Sun, 04 Apr 2021 12:00:04 GMT

Celebrate Easter

Today is the day Christians celebrate because Jesus rose from the dead in fulfillment of prophecy and his gift to us of eternal life in heaven. Even so there are any aspects of our Easter celebration that have been derived from other religious or mythical beliefs. Here are just a few. The egg is an ancient symbol of new life with egg decorating dating back to the 13 ^th century. Rabbits are an ancient symbol of fertility and new life. The Easter Bunny is a mythical creature who laid eggs has been reported to have been started by German immigrants who settled in America in the 1700s. The jellybean, which is produced to look like an egg came into being in the 1930s although some believe it dates back to something called Turkish Delight during biblical times. Lamb is the traditional meat served on Easter as Jesus is the “Lamb of God.” However, we and many others have a tradition to serve ham. And finally, the Easter Lily. Which is grown from dormant bulbs and thus represents new life and symbolizes the purity of Christ to Christians. The bottom line is that today is a joyous day! I leave you all with the following: What do you call a line of rabbits jumping backwards? A receding hare-line, of course! HAPPY EASTER!

What to do with all those Easter Eggs

Sat, 03 Apr 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Recipe suggestions for left over Hard Boiled Eggs

So, Easter is this weekend! If you are hard boiling eggs and coloring eggs for this weekend on Monday morning you will be wondering what to do with the left-over eggs. I thought to pass on some recipes. First, my mother used to chop the eggs and stir them into a white sauce and ladle them over toast. I must admit, I still love this! She would also slice them for salads and chop them up for egg salad which might be in a sandwich or served inside a tomato that she cut into a star. However, my daughter likes deviled eggs which will be on our Easter menu. So here is my recipe for a dozen eggs: Peel the hard-boiled eggs and slice in half long wise. Then remove the egg yolks and place in a bowl. Set the egg whites aside. Mash the egg yolks with a fork. When relatively smooth add in a third to a half cup of mayonnaise (I use low fat) or you could use plain yogurt, or sour cream, or low-fat cream cheese, or smashed up avocado with a little lemon or lime juice and sour cream. Then add salt, and pepper to taste and stir until smooth. Now really let your imagination run free. You might want to grate a little onion, or garlic powder into them or add some mustard or pickle relish into them. After you finish making the recipe your own spoon or pipe the mixture into the half egg whites. Then you need to dress it for the occasion by topping it. Old school is to sprinkle them with paprika but in today’s world there are many culinary options. You can top them with microgreens, finely chopped chives, sprigs of dill, thin radish slices, crumbled bacon, thinly sliced or chopped pickle, or a thin slice of salmon, or sun-dried tomato. If you went the avocado route you might want to top with salsa or sprinkle with Mexican lime seasoning. Basically, let your taste buds be your guide.

Good Friday

Fri, 02 Apr 2021 12:00:02 GMT

What Was Good about Good Friday?

Since today is “Good Friday” in our Christian calendar, I leave you with an excerpt from “ What’s So Good about Good Friday ” by Justin Holcomb.

"For Christians, Good Friday is a crucial day of the year because it celebrates what we believe to be the most momentous weekend in the history of the world. Ever since Jesus died and was raised, Christians have proclaimed the cross and resurrection of Jesus to be the decisive turning point for all creation. Paul considered it to be “of first importance” that Jesus died for our sins, was buried, and was raised to life on the third day, all in accordance with what God had promised all along in the Scriptures ( 1 Corinthians 15:3 ). On Good Friday we remember the day Jesus willingly suffered and died by crucifixion as the ultimate sacrifice for our sins ( 1 John 1:10 ). It is followed by Easter, the glorious celebration of the day Jesus was raised from the dead, heralding his victory over sin and death and pointing ahead to a future resurrection for all who are united to him by faith ( Romans 6:5 )."

Moon Garden Planting after Easter

Wed, 31 Mar 2021 14:32:59 GMT

What can I plant after Easter?

First the link I put in yesterday’s blog, was incorrect as it was mixed with one I intended to look at today. So, here is the correct one. https://www.calendrier-lunaire.fr/en/the-moon/the-waxing-and-waning-moon . It was very helpful in determining the Waning and Waxing of the Moon. Now, I’m on to determining which plants should be planted during the Waxing or Waning of the Moon. As we discussed several weeks ago, the moon’s gravitational pull causes tides to rise and fall which effects the moisture in the soil. This means that those plants that produce fruit above ground should be planted during the Waxing phase. Those that are root vegetables (onions, potatoes, carrots) should be planted during the Waning phase of the Moon. We just had the Pascal or Worm Full moon and while it is too cold where I live to plant a seedling plant, I think I will prep my garden box the week after Easter. Then the following weekend I will put seeds in for Carrots, Chives, Dill, Onions, Parsley, Spinach, Lettuce, and Kale. I’m a little nervous about it because our last projected spring frost date is May 4 ^th . I’m thinking a plastic row cover will work nicely.

Waning or Waxing Moon

Wed, 31 Mar 2021 12:00:09 GMT

How difficult is it to determine Waxing or Waning?

I’m still studding and trying to lay out my garden and time table so that I plant according to Moon Gardening. I have always thought of a New Moon or a Full Moon to be the same. However, there is a big difference! A Full Moon is that great big round white thing you sometimes see the sky at night. A New Moon is just a sliver of the moon that becomes more exposed as the moon rotates around the earth. The bigger question is what is the difference between Waxing or Waning? I found a website that made it simple https://www.space.com/18880-moon-phases.htmlwhen . They explain that in the northern hemisphere if the crescent slice of the moon (I think of it as a smile) has it’s tips stretching to the left it is Waxing or getting bigger (on its way to becoming a Full Moon). If the tips of the smile are stretching right it is Waning as it is decreasing. Some vegetables should be planted during Waning while others will benefit from planting during Waxing.

Moon Personality?

Mon, 29 Mar 2021 13:34:53 GMT

When you were born was it during the Waning or Waxing of the Moon?

So, I'm, still trying to lay out my garden in accordance with crop rotation and companion planting while also planting by the moon. Which, in complete honesty is not as easy as it would seem. At any rate, I tripped across a website where you can read how your personality was determined by the moon when you were born. In reading mine I found that it did highlight aspects of my personality. The website is https://moonguide.net/moon-calendar.html. Simply go to the top banner and click the drop down on "Moon Calendar" and click on "Were you born on a Full Moon." Then enter your birthdate.

Perfect Hard Boiled Eggs

Mon, 29 Mar 2021 12:00:03 GMT

The Best Way to Hard Boil Eggs

A couple of days ago, we talked about coloring Easter Eggs. However, I did not pass on my recipe for perfectly cooked hard-boiled eggs. First and foremost, do not use fresh eggs as you will not be able to remove the shell from the egg and you will end up using them for egg salad. This is because there is very little air inside the fresh egg and when you cook it the inside will expand and effectively adhere to the shell. Eggs can be refrigerated for 4 weeks, so, use older eggs. When you overcook hard boiled eggs, you will see grey surrounding the yolks. This does not taste bad it just looks bad. To avoid overcooking your eggs try this recipe. Start by putting the eggs in a single layer in the bottom of a saucepan. Then fill the saucepan with water so that the water is about an inch and a half above the top of the eggs (if an egg floats throw it away because it is spoiled). Put your saucepan on the stove on high heat until the water boils. When it boils cover the saucepan and take it off the burner. Set your timer for 15 minutes, the eggs will continue to cook. When your timer goes off drain the water from the saucepan and let cold water run over your eggs for a minute or so to stop the cooking process. At this point you can peel the eggs (peeling under running water helps to remove the shell pieces) or you can refrigerate for later use. Note: hard boiled eggs should be refrigerated and eaten in 5-6 days.

Pascal Moon or Worm Moon

Sun, 28 Mar 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Full Moon Rising

Tonight, is a full moon. Christians know it as the Pascal Full Moon. Pascal stands for Passover and it will determine the date of Easter which will be April 4 ^th this year. This is the most important feast day in the Christian Calendar as it celebrates the resurrection of Christ from the crucifixion. Others will call it the Worm Full Moon and it has two explanations for the name. One comes from Native Americans and was called the Worm Moon because they could see trails from the worms emerging from the ground in the warm weather. The other comes from the 18 ^th century explorer Captain Jonathan Carver who wrote that the name refers to beetle larva emerging from the bark of trees as it thaws. Regardless of the name it signifies the coming of Spring as all things will become new again!

Easter Eggs

Sat, 27 Mar 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Homespun Easter Eggs

Coloring Easter Eggs may be on your agenda this week. While many will purchase a package of dye and cups here on the farm, we must go a natural direction as there are many products in our refrigerators that will result in beautiful colors. Let us take an inventory: 2 tsp of ground turmeric (yellow), 1 cup of shredded beets (Pink), 1 cup of chopped purple or red cabbage (blue), 1 cup of blueberries (blue), 1 cup of chopped red onion skins (red or purple), 1 cup of chopped yellow onion skins (orange), 1 bag of black tea (brown). Now how do you make these products work for your coloring endeavor? First, you will need to make a brine for each color. The ingredients are as follows: 1 cup water, 1-2 tsp white vinegar (which will help the egg absorb the color), the ingredient listed above for the dye color, 1 tbs. salt, and 1 tsp. white sugar. Bring your water, salt, sugar and dye ingredient to a boil and simmer for about 30 minutes. Let it cool and then add the vinegar. When it is warm you add your hard-boiled egg and let it set for 8 hours. Dry your egg and massage a little vegetable oil on it and polish with a towel.

Happy St. Patrick's Day

Wed, 17 Mar 2021 12:00:02 GMT

Wishing you the Luck of the Irish!

What is Irish and stays out all night? Paddy O’Furniture. Happy St. Patrick’s Day!

The Shamrock Rocks

Tue, 16 Mar 2021 12:02:16 GMT

What is a Shamrock anyway?

A three leaf clover is called a shamrock. Most clovers have three leaves and should not be confused with a four leaf clover which is a mutation of the clover and very rare. The 4th leaf is considered lucky. During the month of March, many people celebrate St. Patrick's Day and you see the bright green clovers in most decorations. The three leaf clover is a symbol of Irish heritage and culture. Some say the three leaves stand for Faith, Hope, and Love. However, St. Patrick used the shamrock to explain Christianity to the people of Ireland, he explained each leaf as representing the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

Saint Patrick

Mon, 15 Mar 2021 12:00:05 GMT

Is St. Patrick's Day named after a real person?

Yes, he was a real person! St. Patrick was a 5th century missionary and bishop of Ireland. He is credited with spreading Christianity throughout Ireland and is known as the "Apostle of Ireland" plus he is the primary patron saint of Ireland,

Day Light Savings!

Sun, 14 Mar 2021 02:31:52 GMT

An Extra Hour of Sleep!

At 2:00 AM tonight (March 14th) we will Spring ahead and get an extra hour of sleep. Don’t forget to adjust your clocks.

Moon Gardening

Sat, 13 Mar 2021 13:02:29 GMT

Plant your garden with the Moon Cycles

Last year we inadvertently planted our garden by the Moon Cycle and we had a great yield. So, I am thinking I should plan it out this year. Planting your garden by the Moon cycles affects plant growth. The Moon’s gravitational pull causes tides to rise and fall. It is believed that it also affects moisture in the soil. If you plant during the full Moon and the new Moon more moisture is pulled to the soils surface which will result in greater seed germination and therefore better-established plants. Aside from this peaking my interest, I was drawn to see what holidays were on today. I am seriously getting addicted to this! Today is Donald Duck Day (I don’t know what to say), Earmuff Day (Really?), International Fanny Pack Day (Okay, I hear they are making a comeback), National Coconut Torte Day (I can get behind this one), National Open an Umbrella Indoors Day (Unbelievable!), K-9 Veterans Day, (I do appreciate dogs), Ken Day (Give me a break! The Ken doll has his own day!), there are more…..I need to get over this.

More Holidays I Never Knew

Fri, 12 Mar 2021 13:02:46 GMT

Really? Today is a legitimate holiday?

I was so blown away yesterday when I discovered the number of “Holidays” there were for March 11 ^th , I had to look to see what kind of holidays fell on today. I found that today was “Girl Scout Day, Middle Name Pride Day, National Alfred Hitchcock Day, National Baked Scallops Day, National Plant a Flower Day, and National Preschooler’s Day. I obviously have noted that food seems to have a presence in these holidays. Yesterday was a holiday for oatmeal nut waffles and popcorn and today it is Girl Scout’s (cookies leaps to mind) and Scallops. If I decided to cook scallops for dinner with Girl Scout cookies for dessert, I could turn it into a date night with an Alfred Hitchcock movie such as “Psycho” which would allow me to celebrate some of these holidays. Ironically, psycho is how I will be if I try to figure out why we have so many holidays, who determines them and why we should celebrate oatmeal nut waffles or scallops.

Today is a Special Day

Thu, 11 Mar 2021 13:00:02 GMT

Holidays Galore Today!

Since we have a couple of holidays coming up, I was wondering if there was anything special about today’s date. I was surprised and amazed as there were many holidays listed for today! To name a few: I found that today was “Dream Day” which sounded like I should be taking a nap this afternoon and I am onboard with that. My husband will be at work and I am sure he will be sad that he cannot take advantage of this special day. Also, this is “Johnny Appleseed Day” which made me wondered if they even discussed Johnny Appleseed in school anymore. When I was a kid one year, we planted an apple tree in his honor. It is “National Promposal Day,” so, I have to ask is this the day when our children should ask someone to the Prom? Additionally, it is “Oatmeal Nut Waffles Day”, But I did not include nuts in my oatmeal nor did I have waffles this morning and I did not plan waffles for lunch or dinner. It is “Popcorn Lover’s Day” which I will celebrate with a snack later! Lastly, it is “World Plumbing Day” and I hope you don’t need a plumber today as they might all take off in honor of their special day.

Planting Radishes Now?

Wed, 10 Mar 2021 13:02:25 GMT

Can the Old Farmers Almanac Be Right?

I always check out the Old Farmer's Almanac as I work to layout my garden. And I was just reading it. I am amazed that it says that I can plant radishes outdoors from March 8 through March 30 ^th in my area. WOW! Much of our land is frozen with puddles and mud on top. No way an organic untreated seed would survive that. I do have a raised box garden and even though I think early March is not prudent, I am wondering if I can prep it out so I can plant Radishes, Spinach, Peas, Carrots, and Onions the first week of April. I might also plant some Parsley and Dill seeds to see if some plants will come up. I guess the weather over the next few weeks will decide. It would be cool to plant the week after Easter - it would really bring the resurrection to life!

Chicken Breeds

Tue, 09 Mar 2021 13:53:19 GMT

Here Chickie, Chickie, Chickie.....

As many of you are contemplating the chicks you will order, I thought I would share my favorite breeds. My two absolute favorite birds are the Buff Brahma and the Black Silke which are opposite ends of the spectrum. The Buff Brahma is an exceptionally large bird standing 30 inches tall weighing 5 to 8 pounds. They lay about 150 large brown eggs annually and they are practically huggable as they are friendly, docile, quiet, and tame. The Black Silkie, on the other hand are small with fluffy plumage that feels like silk or satin. They lay 100 small cream-colored eggs annually and weigh a mere 1.5-3 pounds. They are beautiful, calm, friendly, docile and the best setters I have ever had. They will set any egg and raise the chick. My other favorite breed is a heritage breed called the Buff Orphington. These birds are quiet, kind, and extremely sweet. They lay 190 brown eggs per year and short 12-15 inches tall and broad, heavy bird weighing between 7.5-9.5 pounds. New to our barn this year will be the Buckeye. They are reported to be friendly and docile laying 200 medium brown eggs annually. This bird is the only bird recognized by the American Poultry Association that was developed by a woman – Mrs. Nettie Metcalf or Warren, Ohio and named after the “Buckeye” state. These birds will be raised on certified organic feed as all our barn yard buddies are. You can find our starter, grower, and layer feeds at the RCR Organic Feed Store .

Starting Seeds Indoors

Mon, 08 Mar 2021 13:00:03 GMT

Seed Starting Alert

If you haven’t started your Thyme, Oregano, Sage, Basil, Marjoram, Peppermint, Spearmint, Chives, Parsley, Cilantro, Broccoli, Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage, and Tomato plants you should start them now. If you start them after March 23 ^rd you won’t have enough time to harden them before you plant them outside.

Garden Layout

Sun, 07 Mar 2021 13:00:55 GMT

The Garden Drawing Board has begun!

Even though I am still missing a few things like potted plants and potatoes, I do have seeds of those things I like to plant, eat & preserve in hand! But before I get carried away I have to ask myself some basic questions. The first and foremost question that needs to be answered is how much can I take care of with only one other person helping me. This question will determine whether I plant for summer consumption or if I'm going to harvest, process and store for winter meals. Taking care of the garden is a big deal especially if you are not using any chemicals as weeding and cultivating can be back breaking. After this moment of intense honesty, I can determine how many sprinklers, tomato cages, trellises, straw, etc. I will need. Then I can begin the work of laying out the garden plot making sure I estimate how many tomato, pepper, celery, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, and herb plants I need, their location and space required. I then assess how to make my garden as productive as possible. To achieve this I need to incorporate crop rotation as different crops contribute to the nutrition of the soil or the deplete the soil nutrients. Then I will achieve better production with companion planting. For example, when I plant corn I might plant it with sections of sunflowers. Not only are the sunflower seed edible but they will attract bees which will be garden pollinators and birds such as humming birds which will eat white flies. I might plant the corn with dry beans which will use the corn stalks as a trellis and will add nitrogen to the soil. Plus, I will add squash underneath the corn to hold water into the soil. The planting of corn, beans, and squash together is called "The Three Sisters" and has been used for centuries by the Native Americans. An added bonus it that planting these three crops together will also reduce garden space. Simply put there are many consideration to planting the garden and a good garden takes time to layout and time to take care of in order for it to be productive.

Ordering Chicks

Sat, 06 Mar 2021 13:00:01 GMT

Chick Ordering Particulars

In my blog yesterday forgot to add some farm wisdom about ordering chicks so I thought I would do so today. After you decide you are going to raise chickens there are some pitfalls you should be aware of before you order. First, if you are ordering meat birds, you should secure your slaughter date first. When you place your order, your will have to decide if you are going to order a straight run. If you are ordering meat birds, I think a straight run is the way to go. This means you will be getting a mix of hens and roosters. The roosters will dress out larger than the hens. On our complete feed Cornish Cross Broilers should dress out at 4 ½ to 6 ½ pounds (the males will be larger than the females) in 8 to 9 weeks. If you are ordering layers and you want don’t want roosters, you should order just females which will mean they are more expensive because they must be sexed (this is done by a “sexor”). You still might end up with a rooster, however, if you buy a dozen straight run layers you will often end up with 3-6 roosters. When they get older you will have fewer hens and too many roosters and believe me, no one will take the roosters. Also, if you are order layers, decide on their living space as you will need to allow 3 or 4 square feet for each of them. It sounds like a larger space than you remember from your research, however, experience has taught me that when winter rolls around you will need more than the recommended living space if you want to avoid fighting, pecking, cannibalism, etc. We now allow 4 square feet per bird with a heat lamp. Also, many order a barnyard flock which usually is a mix of birds. I have fallen victim to this. Unfortunately, these birds often don’t mature at the same rate. The main pitfall of this is in feeding. If you change them over to layer feed too soon you run the risk of damaging the bird’s kidneys because too much calcium (needed for egg laying) can be toxic. For example your Rhode Island Reds will begin laying between 4-5 months, however, a Buff Orphington will begin laying in 6-7 months (note: if a website tells you 4 months or 28 weeks you may get one egg on the 29 ^th week. There is such a thing as theory and practice). Anyway, moving them to layer feed at week 28 will damage the Buff Orphington and possibility kill it. Additionally, we have found that not all birds get along and you will promote the afore mentioned bad behavior if they are housed together over the winter months.

Chick Alert

Fri, 05 Mar 2021 13:00:06 GMT

Chick Pickens are Slim!

Holy Cow! If you are going to raise chicken this year, I hope you have them ordered. I ordered mine from Cackle Hatcheries in Missouri and they won’t arrive until the end of July. This late arrival for my meat birds will work as long as I can get the mobile processing unit in September. I don't like to bring in my meat birds until summer anyway as I pasture them outside. If you are bringing your meat birds in through a local farm store be sure you secure a processing date. We use Clean Chickens and Co . out of Elk River Minnesota and they are scrambling to meet everyone's needs. Their website warns you to schedule the processing date prior to ordering. I am hoping that they can fit me in! I also ordered layers and guinea hens. After decades of raising chickens I am picky about the breeds I prefer. But still, I was surprised that they were in short supply as well.

Garden Seeds

Wed, 03 Mar 2021 13:00:03 GMT

When do I start selecting and planting seeds for garden?

If you haven’t been thinking of what you are planting this year – it’s time to start. I just purchased mine and the organically certified seed shelves seemed slimmer than usual. Also, if you are thinking of trying to start your own plants indoors, you are fast running out of time. The following seeds should be started indoors for Minnesota planting: Rosemary, Celery, Eggplant, and Bell Peppers. You should have them in your seed pots by March 8 ^th (more to come on this). I must confess that I have never been successful in getting the seeds I have started indoors into the ground. Oh, I have been very successful, I even built rolling cages so I could move them in and out of my garage to harden them prior to planting. Unfortunately, my goats and sheep were much smarter than I was as they always managed to get them first - life on a farm!

Herb-A-Licious

Tue, 02 Mar 2021 23:02:49 GMT

Basic Herbs for Your Garden

I am a big herb fan! I grow Catnip for my kitties and I use Rosemary, Thyme, Sage, Oregano, Marjoram, Basil, Peppermint, Spearmint, Chives, Dill, Parsley, and Cilantro in many recipes. I often plant several of each of these plants. Many will produce some beautiful flowers if you don't cut them often. I admit I usually will let a plant flower, especially the Chives! I think the Chive flower is gorgeous! The cilantro is different and I find that their flowers remind me of messy baby's breath. However, letting them flower means they will go to seed. Why would you do this? Because you can harvest the seeds which is the spice coriander. Plus any seeds that have fall to the ground will sprout new cilantro plants before fall. At that time, I harvest their leaves and preserve them for winter along with my other herbs. And if you don't preserve the herbs for the winter months, you will find that it is fabulous to have the fresh herbs in your garden so you can stroll out on a sunny day and harvest them when you need them. Of course, I buy my plants (remember my animal friends), from the local supplier and make sure they are organically certified as we use no chemicals or GMO's here. Also, most are companion plants to inhibit weed growth or bugs or to aid another plant in growing or better still they attract beneficial insects. The herbs that aide in these areas are Basil, Chives, Catnip, Cilantro, Dill, Marjoram, Parsley, Peppermint, Rosemary, Sage, and Thyme. (We'll talk about companion planting later)

Spring's Arrival?

Tue, 02 Mar 2021 14:16:17 GMT

Did I miss the first day of Spring?

It was brought to my attention yesterday that meteorologically speaking Spring began March 1st. I was driving in ice and snow again, so it sure didn’t look like Spring was here. People have marked time by the seasons for thousands of years so it never occurred to me that there was a meteorological version and an astronomical version. But I looked it up and it is true. However, the meteorological version is based on the annual temperature cycle. I don't think the this version has any value to a farmer. The astronomical version is based on the position of the earth to the sun and that's important to us. So for a farmer the one to rely on is the astronomical version which means Spring will arrive with the Spring Equinox on March 20 ^th . I'm hoping the warmth of the sun will mean that the snow will be long gone!

Dreaming of Spring

Mon, 01 Mar 2021 15:15:12 GMT

The treasures of March

Since I’m dreaming of spring and planting, I wondered what kind of flower symbolized the month of March. Then, I thought, I should give all of you a heads up if you have loved ones with birthdays in March. If you’re sending flowers March’s flowers are the daffodil and the jonquil (they look a lot alike). The daffodil represents rebirth and new beginnings while the jonquil symbolizes friendship and domestic bliss. If you’re looking for jewelry the birthstone for March is the Aquamarine. If your loved one is born between March 1 ^st and the 20 ^th they are a Pisces. If their birth date the 21 ^st through the 31 ^st they are an Aries. If their birthday is the March 1 ^st ….. I suggest you send flowers as they can be sent same day!

Hoping Spring Springs!

Sat, 27 Feb 2021 21:06:23 GMT

Approaching Spring Lift Off......

Yes, all I needed was a couple of above freezing temperatures here in Minnesota to begin dreaming of green grass, the warm sun and a gentle breeze. And while our weather can be fickle, we had snow last night! I am ready for a new beginning as 2020 WAS THE WORSE! So I am counting down all the nuances of the coming weeks and months. So, please stay tuned!

How long will hens lay

Mon, 30 Dec 2019 11:22:01 GMT

What should I pay for full grown laying hens?

Recently, I have seen many people selling 2 or 3 year-old laying hens for $10-$15 dollars apiece. This "re-homing fee" seems a bit outrages to me. While it has been published by McMurry Hatcheries that you should price a mature bird for resale based on the purchase price, plus feed & medications used, plus 20%. All I can say is "Buyer Beware." Before you decide to purchase a bird from someone I have the following advice.

Heritage Hens will lay productively 2-3 years. Your guideline to the laying capacity of any mature bird that you purchase or raise is that a 2 year-old hen will lay 65% of her first-year production. This continues to decline as she gets older. While hens can live up to ten years and technically should be laying 20% of her first-year production the reality is that this rarely happens. Much depends on the breed, environment, and quality of feed that has been supplied through the years. You should also investigate the breed of chickens because their potential laying production depends of the breed of chicken.

Additionally, new buyers often don't realize that birds will molt. This is a condition where they will lose some or much of their feathers and this is a natural and expected process. Your hens will not molt until they reach about a year and a half old and this process will last 2 to 4 months. Also, realize that they do not lay during this process. After the molting is done, they will resume laying, but production will naturally be reduced (production decline is noted above).

As for Production birds, they are bred to produce a lot of eggs fast and usually begin producing at 4 to 4½ months where Heritage Hens do not begin producing eggs until 5½ to 6 months old. This means Production birds burn out fast and will often lay only a couple of eggs per week after 2 or 3 years.

New flock owners should realize that each bird and breed will have a distinct personally and are a joy to watch. They make great pets and are a good tool for teaching children the values of care and production. Make sure you evaluate the reasons for purchasing an older flock and be aware of their limitations. On our farm our 3 year old birds are left to roam the farm regardless of whether or not they are laying. They are great at reducing the bug population and they supply many hours of silly antics that make us laugh.

What do I feed my ducks

Sat, 16 Nov 2019 14:59:20 GMT

I can't find duck feed - what can I feed my ducks?

It may surprise you to know that duck feed is the same ingredients as chicken feed. The exception is in their first 10 weeks. Purchase starter feed for chickens and supplement your ducks with niacin until they are 10 weeks of age. This supplement can be added to their diet in one of two ways: buy the niacin supplement at your local pharmacy and add 100 - 150 mg (crushed) per gallon of water or purchase livestock grade brewer’s yeast and add 2 – 3 cups per 10 pounds of feed (5 – 7.5 pounds per 100 pounds of feed). We have found that it is easier and more consistent to add the niacin to their water.

A week to week feeding chart is available on our website. Note that you can supplement their diet with organic veggies, organic chopped hard boiled eggs (with shell on), organic scrambled eggs, worms, night crawlers, blood worms, snails (make sure they the ground they come from have not been sprayed with pesticides), organic whole corn or corn meal, and organic tomatoes. Of course, feed consumption will go back up in the winter when fresh veggies and forages are at a premium.

Organic Chicken Feed

Fri, 08 Nov 2019 11:55:37 GMT

Fresh Feed Healthy Birds

All our feed is certified organic through MOSA and is NON-GMO Project Verified so you can be sure that there are no genetically modified ingredients and no pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, or chemicals of any kind are used the production of our products. In fact, our poultry and animal feeds are specifically formulated to be a complete feed. They contain ground grains, minerals, and nutrients to provide poultry and livestock what they need to be healthy. The grains used in our feed are tested upon arrival at the plant in order to ensure the highest quality. Because the grains are ground or rolled, we advise that all complete feeds purchased should be used within 6 months, so they have appropriate nutritional content. Unlike a big box store The RCR Organic Feed Store makes sure our feed is fresh. It does not sit on the shelf for months at a time. In fact, most product is sold within two weeks after it is ground.

As a consumer you should note that whole grains are more nutritious than ground. Oxidation occurs after grinding thus reducing nutritional content as the ground grain sits on the shelf. Therefore, whole grains can be nutritionally sound for years. The exception to this is Flax seed . Because flax has a high oil content, we recommend a 10 month shelf life for the whole flax seed. Many of our clients have expressed a desire to add whole grains to their flocks’ diet. Our advice: when changing the diet of adult birds, add the whole grain to the diets gradually to promote gizzard development. The gizzard helps grind feed. Use whole grain for 5% of the diet for the first two weeks to adapt the gizzard, then, over a couple of more weeks, gradually increase the percentage to whatever level you have decided to feed. Remember two other important factors in feeding your poultry. The first is that when birds are not on pasture, they need grit at all times in order to digest the whole grain. Second, water is paramount to your poultry as they cannot digest any diet without it. The bottom line with water is that you must make clean fresh water available continually – don’t let them run out.

The RCR Organic Feed Store carries a complete line of organic certified, non GMO Project verified feeds. Most complete blends are available with soy or in a soy free blend. In addition to selling fresh ground feed we "Use What we Sell" on our farm Rivers Critters Ranch . If you have questions or comments, feel free to send us a text at 612-479-4937 or give us a call at 952-467-3209.

Cleaning Fresh Eggs

Sun, 03 Nov 2019 14:26:57 GMT

Will Chicken poop on your eggs keep them fresh?

Should I leave the chicken manure on the egg?

Someone recently told me that they believed that the chicken "poop" on their farm fresh eggs was keeping their eggs fresh. I assured them that chicken manure can be a health hazard. Salmonella and Campylobacter are carried by healthy chickens. These diseases are usually not communicated by the live chicken to people. They can, however, be communicated to people through direct exposure to chicken manure, or by eating under cooked chicken and eggs.

How do I clean the eggs?

Before we discuss how to clean an egg, you should know about “Bloom”. Bloom is a coating that the hen leaves on the egg when she lays it. Another name is “cuticle.” More specifically, the bloom is a protein (a mucous secretion) that covers the egg when it is laid. Its purpose is to block bacteria and keep the egg fresh. This is important because it keeps the inside of the egg full of nutritious goodness. For humans this means that the egg keeps longer and for a baby chick it means that the chick itself is protected from the bacteria as it sits in the nesting box for three weeks and it supplies the chick with fat, protein and vitamins.

As for the cleaning of an egg, I will start by telling you that if you keep your nesting boxes clean and pick up your eggs daily, they should not be dirty. They might have a spot or two to be cleaned off and I would do that by spot cleaning the egg with very fine sandpaper. If they need a little more than that, I will take a paper towel with warm water and spot clean. You can see that the best way is to spot clean so that you do not remove the bloom. Remember the bloom is protecting the egg. However, if they require more cleaning you could rinse them off with warm water, immediately dry them and put them in the refrigerator or use them right away. You should also note that you should not use cold water as this will cause the porous egg to suck in the bacteria whereas warm water causes the inside of the egg to expand and press against the shell which will block the bacteria from entering. If the egg needs to be scrubbed, throw it away and clean out you nesting boxes!

After your eggs are clean you should inspect the egg for cracks and if they have some – throw them away as the bacteria has entered the egg.

The next question is how do I know an egg is fresh?

Just before you cook the egg, submerge it in warm water. If it floats, throw it away as it has passed the point that it should be eaten and if you crack it it will stink. A fresh egg will lay on its side or on its end. A fresh egg will last a week or so sitting on the counter. Most cooks know that a room temperature egg will make your recipe shine. If you keep your eggs in 40-degree (or slightly cooler) temperature your eggs should last about six weeks.

How does the commercial industry handle eggs?

At this point you are wondering how the eggs you buy in the store are handled. In commercial operations they wash the eggs and then put a coating of mineral oil on it to prolong the shelf life. This is not as good as leaving the bloom on as it shortens the length of time you can store a fresh egg.

Let's Get Started

Thu, 31 Oct 2019 10:47:15 GMT

RCR Organic Feed Store launches our first blog featuring farming advice based on our experience from Rivers Critters Ranch